Apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding and pressure working of metals, preferably for welding tubular-shaped parts

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for magnetically welding metals comprises an inductor. The inductor includes means defining a plurality of turns axially and annularly spaced from one another. The inductor includes an intermediary portion of the increased thickness defining a welding zone. The intermediary portion is annular and acts to increase the concentration of a magnetic field applied in the welding zone. The turns have respective diameters varying successively toward the welding zone.

v United States Patent Inventors Appl. No. Filed Patented Priority APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING THE MAGNETIC- Konstantin Konstantinovich Khrenov ulitsa Cheljuskintsev, l5, kv. l1, Kiev; VyacheslavAndreevich Chudakov, ulitsa Bolnichnaya, l4, kv. 2., Kiev; Konstantin Vasilievich Stroganov, ulitsa Avtozavodskaya, 6, korpus A, kv. 202, Moscow; Vladimir Leonidovich Kleiman, Chelyabinskoi Oblasti, ulitsa Chernyshevskogo, ll, kv. 29, Miass; Mikhail Mironovich Fishkis, Zvezdny Bulvar, 5, kv. 28, Moscow; Vyacheslav Mikhailovichliikolaev, Chelyabinskoi Q zbfiiaq i sa Y Mias; Vladimir lzomr nun arovic f Kalnishevsky, Chelyabinskoi Oblasti, ulitsa Molodezhnaya, 8, kv. 50, Miass;

Boris Mikhailovich Maltsev, Chelyabinskoi Oblasti, ulitsa Dobroljubova, 4, kv. 6, Miass,

all or, U.S.S.R. 804,505

Mar. 5, 1969 Sept. 7, 1971 Mar. 5, 1968 U.S.S.R. 1220255 IMPULSE WELDING AND PRESSURE WORKING OF METALS, PREFERABLY FOR WELDING [51] lnLCl 1105b 9/02, HOSb 5/00 [50] Field ofSearch 219/85, 10.79, 10.75, 10.59; 336/223 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,676,233 4/1954 FOXX 2l9/8.5 X 2,792,482 5/1957 Logan 6! a]. 219/1079 X 2,182,820 12/1939 Pisarev 2I9/l0.79 3,319,037 5/1967 Stein et al. 2l9/l0.75

Primary Examiner-J. V. Truhe Assistant Examiner-L. H. Bender Attorney-Waters, Roditi, Schwartz 8:. Nissen ABSTRACT: An apparatus for magnetically welding metals comprises an inductor. The inductor includes means defining a plurality of turns axially and annularly spaced from one another. The inductor includes an intermediary portion of the increased thickness defining a welding zone. The intermediary portion is annular and acts to increase the concentration of a magnetic field applied in the welding zone. The turns have respective diameters varying successively toward the welding zone.

PATENIEU SEP 7 l9" SHEET 2 BF 2 APPARATUS FOR EFFECTING TI'IE MAGNETIC- IMPULSE WELDING AND PRESSURE WORKING OF METALS, PREFERABLY FOR WELDING TUBULAR- SI'IAPED PARTS The present invention relates to apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding and pressure working of metals, preferably for welding tubular-shaped parts.

The present invention may be used to advantage in pressing tubular-shaped parts, for example tie rods employed in the car-building industry, for piercing holes in the tubular-shaped articles, and in manufacturing operations involving reduction of the said parts.

Known in the prior art is an apparatus for effecting themagnetic-impulse welding and pressure working of metals, preferably for welding tubular-shaped parts, the apparatus comprising a multiple-turn inductor.

The apparatus is essentially a multiple-turn inductor, constituted as a solenoid accommodating a magnetic-field concentrator ensuring an annular weld penetration to be obtained along the entire perimeter of thepipesbeing welded.

Using inductors made as'a solenoid permits-a welded joint to be obtained, repeating the'contour of the inductor turns,

that is, the welding is effected along a spiral, which not alwaysensuresadependable and tight joint to be obtained between the pipes to be welded- The use of the magnetic-field concentrators placed. inside a multiple-turn,cylindrical inductor, is conducive to additional losses of power, resulting from the presence of a gap between the. inductor and concentrator, and also considerably complicates the construction of the working unity of the apparatus, i.e. the inductor.

All theses disadvantages are likely to result in that the above-said apparatus and, hence, the magnetic-impulse installation provided with such devices, feature a low efficiency. The ratedefficiency coefficient of such apparatus does not exceed 50 percent, being practically equal. to as low as to percent. That is why a reduction in the amount of energy being, uselessly spent for creating the so-called parasitic magnetic fields both inthe concentrator and inductor is an important problem.

It is an. objectof the present invention to eliminate the above-said disadvantages.

The principal object-of the invention. is to provide such an.

apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding and. pressure working of metals, preferably for welding tubular shaped parts, which would allow a reduction; in the amount of power spent uselessly, and hence an increase in efficiency of the'installationusing this apparatus.

In accordance with the invention, this object is achieved owing to the; fact that in the apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding, and pressure working of metals, preferably for weldingtubular-shaped parts, comprises a multiple-tum inductor, the internal and/or external diameter of the inductor turns varying-along its length, the inductor pos sessing a surface contour facing the parts to be welded, that would ensurethe concentration of the magnetic field. withinthe-weldingzone.

The proposed apparatus should,. be made such that the internal diameter of the-inductor turns decrease in the direction towards the welding zone.

It is also advisable to make the proposed apparatus in sucha manner that the external diameter of the inductor turns. in crease in the directiontowards the welding zone.

In orderthat the invention maybe clearly understood, one embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example only, reference being made to the drawings accompanying the specification, in which:

FIG. I is a longitudinal section through one embodiment of an apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding of pipes, as embodied according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of anotherembodiment of the invention, and

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section-of anotherembodiment of the invention. t

The apparatus for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding of pipes is essentially a multipleturninductoraccommodating an internal zone for the concentration of a magnetic field the zone being disposed perpendicular to the inductor axis. This zone may be disposed in any portion of the inductor along its length. i

The largest concentration of the magnetic field is created when the concentration zone is disposed in the central portion of the inductor. In thiscase, thecentralof the turns (FIG. I) of the inductor is made as a concentrator provided with an inclined slit coincidingwiththe inter-turn gap '2.

The arrangement of the concentration zone perpendicular to the inductor axis allows a dependable tight welded joint to be produced between the pipes being welded.

To obtain an annular. weld penetration along the entire.

perimeter of the pipes being welded, the inductor is made with a variable internal and/or external diameter of the turns 1 varying along the length of the inductor. The inductor is provided with such a surface-contour 3 facingthe pipes being welded,ywhich would ensure the concentration of the mag: netic fieldwithin the welding. zone. The inclined surfaces cooperatively define a substantially conically annular portion extending inwardly of'the turns 1.

The proposed apparatus may be employed for effecting the magnetic-impulse welding of pipes .of different diameters.

In order to weld small-diameter pipes, when'the pipesare placed inside the proposed apparatus, the internal diameter ofv the inductor turns is to be decreased in the direction towards the welding zone.

For welding large-diameter pipes,.when.the proposedv apparatus is placed inside the pipes to be welded, the external. diameter of the inductor is to'be increased in the direction towards the welding zone.

The proposed apparatus uses a considerably simplified cooling system, as the concentrator is a component part of the inductorrAny kind of a coolant may-be employed, but the water cooling is found to be the most effectual.

To provide a cooling channel in the apparatus, groove 4 is. provided in the inductor turns 1, the grove 4 being welded together with a metal band 5.

FIG. 2 representsanother embodiment of the proposed apparatus,.differing from the preceding one in the method of its manufacture.

Manufactured first is concentrator 6 of a magnetic field,

provided with a groove. 7 for its cooling. Attached then to the.

concentrator 6v of magnetic field on both sides are (by welding, soldering, etc.) turns 8 of the inductor, or an inductoris originallywound from. a pipe and attached thereto is the readymadeconcentrator.

The manufacturingtof the proposed apparatus of suchza type is a somewhat simpler procedure, being more easily effected than that of the preceding one; and moreover, there is the possibility of replacing only the concentrator, whose surface 9 On the strength of whathas been'stated above, the proposed apparatus, being essentiallya multiple-turn inductor uniting the properties of both the inductor and the magnetic-field concentrator, allows a reduction in the amount of power being.

uselessly spent, since both theinductor andconcentratorare made as an integral unit, which also simplifies the construction:

of such an apparatus.

Moreover, the inductor'cooling system.allowsaconsidera? ble increase in its service life owing to a slower'wear of the corporating of the proposed apparatus in an automatic production line. Though Though the present invention is described in connection with its preferred embodiment, it is obvious that there may be allowed modifications and variants thereof, which do not depart from the idea and scope of the invention, which will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

These modifications and variants are understood not to depart from the idea and scope of the invention, as defined by the accompanying claims.

In the claims:

1. An apparatus for magnetically welding metals, said apparatus comprising an inductor, said inductor including means defining a plurality of turns axially and annularly spaced from one another, said inductor including a turn constituting an intermediary portion of increased thickness deflninga welding zone, said intermediary portion being annular and acting to increase the concentration of a magnetic field applied in said welding zone, said intermediary portion and a turn adjacent the latter having respective diameters differing from one another.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which the internal diameter of turns decreases in the direction towards the welding zone.

3. An apparatus according to claim I in which the external diameter of turns increases in the direction towards the welding zone.

4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said intermediary portion is annular and conically tapers inwardly of said inductor turns.

5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said turns are each provided with a channel for containing a coolant. 

1. An apparatus for magnetically welding metals, said apparatus comprising an inductor, said inductor including means defining a plurality of turns axially and annularly spaced from one another, said inductor including a turn constituting an intermediary portion of increased thickness defining a welding zone, said intermediary portion being annular and acting to increase the concentration of a magnetic field applied in said welding zone, said intermediary portion and a turn adjacent the latter having respective diameters differing from one another.
 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, in which the internal diameter of turns decreases in the direction towards the welding zone.
 3. An apparatus according to claim 1 in which the external diameter of turns increases in the direction towards the welding zone.
 4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said intermediary portion is annular and conically tapers inwardly of said inductor turns.
 5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein said turns are each provided with a channel for containing a coolant. 